Nissan Skyline GT-R is an iconic Japanese sports coupe in the Nissan Skyline range. Dubbed "Godzilla" by Wheels magazine in Australia when he published in 1989, was recorded by automotive magazines, including respected Wheels, delivering the performance and handling equal or higher than that of European icons like the Porsche 911 and Ferrari Testarossa, at a price much lower . The domestic market competitors have included the Skyline Honda NSX, Toyota Supra, Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution, Subaru Impreza WRX STi, and Mazda RX-7.
Brand History
Name of home-Prince Skyline with auto companies that develop and sell the Skyline line of sedans before merging with Nissan-Datsun. The first predecessor of the GT-R, the S54 2000 GT-B second in his first race in 1964 at the purpose-built Porsche 904 GTS race car. The next development of the GT-R, 4-door GT-R PGC10 2000, which was then superceeded by 2-door version KPGC10, scored 33 victories in one and a half years, he ran and the time, he tried 50 consecutive victories, his race ended with Savanna Mazda RX-3. The car took 54 victories when it was abandoned in 1972. The last of the original GT-R, KPGC110 2000GT-R, using the S20 turns 160 hp (120 kW) 6-cylinder engine from the 2000 GT-R and only sold 197 units due to the global energy crisis. This model is the only GT-R has never participated in the race despite only having one built which are now in the old Nissan factory into a storage unit for historical cars in Zuma.
Skyline model continued in the 1990s when it became popular largely because the rear wheels remain, while the models of other manufacturers of the most 'is the front wheel (which has a certain complexity inherent in the realization of high performance power or manipulation in conjunction with rear-wheel car).
Model
After an absence of 16 years, Skyline GT-R KPGC110 1973, the Skyline GT-R was reintroduced with the eighth generation Skyline R32 in 1989. GT-R became the flagship of Nissan performance, with advanced technology, including ATTESA-ETS system (hydraulic on demand four wheel drive) and Super-HICAS (four wheel steering). Year 1989 - GT-R remains (relatively) cheap, with a list price of ¥ 4.5 million (about U.S. $ 31,000).
Skyline GT-R in 1990-an increase R32 (1989), with R34 (1998). GT-R production stopped in August 2002. Although the name Nissan Skyline continues with the release of the Infiniti G35 (sold as the Nissan Vitesse / Skyline in Japan), the new GT-R has not been released. Throughout his life, various special editions, containing additional modifications to improve performance, which was released by Nissan and Nismo performance division.
Nismo R32, N1 and V-Spec
Total production of R32 GT-R is 43 394 units, with production beginning May 22, 1989 and ended in October 1994, the actual overlap release R33 Skyline by nearly a year. Four special edition produced.
The Nismo GT-R was introduced on February 22, 1990, and has a total production of 560 units. It is used to register a number of changes to the GT-R racing for the original Group A. This includes an additional channel on the front bumper to improve airflow to the intercooler, lip spoiler cap to direct more air into the engine compartment, and an additional boot lip spoiler to reduce drag and provide more support.
GT-R N1 was introduced July 19, 1991, and has a total of only 228 units. N1 cars produced to compete in Group N racing, and including the Nismo aero kit, but also to improve the reliability of the car for endurance events, an improved engine blocks, oil and a higher flow pump water, and more reliable ball-bearing turbo-charger . The 16 GT-R "is replaced with wheels 17" x8 wheels with 225/50/17 tires. GT-R N1 is lighter (1470 kg) by deleting the ABS, rear wiper, air conditioning and radio, and installing the lights lighter. All N1 cars were painted the color code 326 (Crystal White). List price is ¥ 5,000,000 N1.
To celebrate the success of the GT-R in both N1 and a group of racing, Nissan introduced the V-Spec ("Victory Specification") car on February 3, 1993. V-Spec added Brembo brakes and back again ATTESA-ETS system for all Nismo, and BBS wheels 17 "with 235/45/17 tires. V-Spec has a list price of ¥ 5.260 million. N1 cars and is based on the V-Spec.
February 14, 1994 Finally, the V-Spec II was released, the only change to the V-Spec wider 245/45/17 tires. Total production of the V-Spec I and II 1453 and 1303 units respectively.
Nismo R34 Z-Tune
On January 14, 2005, the Nismo R34 GT-R was resurrected for one last tour of duty before the introduction of a new generation that is expected next GT-R. Labeled as R34-Z song, Nismo engineers create the most powerful road car to the GT-R ever built. Using the built R34s with much technology borrowed from the GT500 GT-R Racing and endurance racing GT-R, Z-height is 2.8 L twin-turbo 2.6 L engine instead of the stock, race pistons, connecting rods and camshafts, and ECU upgrades, giving Z-height of 500 hp (370 kW) and 540 Nm (£ 400 ° ft) of torque. The car became known as the "Mother of all GT-R" and put a price tag of approximately $ 170,000 in the United States. Nismo says the car will be a limited edition and only 20 to be produced and sold.
Power-train
GT-R in the 1990's including the 2.6 L six-cylinder bi-turbo engine producing 206 kW (276 hp). The turbo-charger is a hybrid steel / ceramic design allowing them to accumulate more rapidly because of the nature of light from escaping the wheel in ceramics.
Powers granted to the four-wheel electronic traction system is controlled by Nissan called ATTESA-ETS system. ATTESA-ETS system uses two sensors mounted under the G-center console, which feed on the input side and longtitudinal to the ECU. ECU would then control the power supply by allowing a limited number will be sent to the front wheels through a torque converter shared electronically. V-Spec models are equipped with (among others), a faster system response ATTESA-ETS Pro four-wheel disc with adjusted ECU settings, improving oversteer far.
The car also has a computer-controlled all-wheel system called HICAS. HICAS system activated when the vehicle exceeds 80 km / h and rear wheel steering control in the same direction as the front to improve turn in at the entry point.
While the figures published by Nissan have quoted above, practical tests have shown that the car has a power output of the plant nearly 220 kilowatts driving. Nissan released the lowest number in response to the need to meet a man in an agreement among Japanese automakers did not release the car to the public exceeds 206 kilowatts of power output.
Change
Skyline GT-R is a popular target for change because RB26DETT engine power. Engine, common to all GT-R, widely regarded as one of the most durable engines when heavily modified. Many aftermarket suppliers have produced kits "bolts" upgrade for the GT-R to boost power output beyond the manufacturer's specifications.
Ceramic turbochargers that are equipped from the factory set to make 7psi boost pressure (0.5 bar). Being ceramic, they are not as durable as steel turbine will. Most homeowners to restrict them to improve 14psi of boost, as they are prone to rupture under conditions of high heat when the last 14 psi. An update to the common turbocharger is turbo N1. This is equpped RB26DETT-N1 version of the Skyline GT-R engine for motor sport. It is capable of much higher power than standard turbocharger.
Without upgrading the mechanical parts of machines, it is commonly accepted that the motor can handle about 500 hp. After this power level, it is very important to upgrade the engine oil system. Pump oil mills are not able to lubricate the engine at higher power levels. After that, most owners upgraded pistons and connecting rods. And the bolts securing the cylinder head and connecting rods.
Some tuning garages in Japan, Britain and Australia, have managed to upgrade the power level of the last RB26DETT 1000hp. Veilside, in Japan, modified with a 1600hp Skyline GTR R34. They also converted into R32 Skyline GTR to accelerate up to 300 KMH in 20 seconds
Motorsport history
The success of the GT-R in motor racing was formidable, especially in the annual report 1000 racing miles in the Mount Panorama circuit in Bathurst, Australia, where the champion in 1991 and 1992 is the GT-R (despite receiving additional 100 kg of weight penalties and a turbo pop valve in 1992 for unbeatable performance), and in the Japanese GT series where it remained dominant to this day.
No other victory with a GT-R could escape without controversy, the 1990 Macau Grand Prix Guia car tour, the factory backed R32 driven by Masahiro Hasemi led the race from the beginning to the arrival of the line that caused a storm of protest from European participants. The following year the car was forced to carry heavy penalties 140 kg and finished in fourth place. The success of the GT-R at Mount Panorama in 1991 and 1992, both by Jim Richards, led to a change in formula regulations, which came to exclude turbocharged driving and four wheels in the next year. It also led indirectly to the transition to super Touring Car category in the creation of the JGTC series JTCC and major tour in Japan, where GT-Rs can only compete in rear wheel hard form.
In the UK Andy Middlehurst took the Nissan Skyline GT-R (R32) for two consecutive victories in the Saloon Car National Championship Cup. Other championship titles including the 1993 Spanish Touring Car Championship.
